Understanding the rhetorical craft that Paul employs is essential for interpreting the Letter to the Romans. No less important is understanding the specific issues Paul’s Roman audience was facing and how he uses his arguments to resonate profoundly with them. In this course, Dr. Ben Witherington III provides a socio-rhetorical analysis of this letter, examining the social setting of Paul’s writing and exploring the culture of first-century Rome. He investigates the rhetoric Paul uses, and he considers the flow of Paul’s arguments to reveal the letter’s themes of the righteousness of God and the reconciliation of humanity—Jew and Gentile—in Christ.
Introduction
Introduction
Introducing the Speaker and the Course
1m
Background to the Letter to the Romans
Socio-Rhetorical Criticism and Social History
7m
Socio-Rhetorical Criticism and Oral Cultures
8m
Ancient Oral Texts
6m
Ancient Writing, Education, and Libraries
12m
Ancient Professional Readers
4m
Social Networks in Early Christianity
10m
Evangelism in a Patriarchal Culture
7m
The Evolution of the Roman World
8m
Jews and Christians in the Graeco-Roman World
7m
Work and Status in the Graeco-Roman World
6m
First-Century Family Values: Part 1
8m
First-Century Family Values: Part 2
5m
The Structure, Rhetoric, and Interpretation of Romans
Understanding the Rhetoric of Romans
7m
Paul’s Rhetorical Strategy
11m
Interpreting Romans
5m
The Beginning of the Letter (Rom 1:1–17)
The Epistolary Prescript
10m
The Exordium
7m
The Propositio
9m
The First Argument (Rom 1:18–32)
Truth for a Lie
9m
The Consequences
8m
The Second Argument (Rom 2:1–24)
The Hypocrisy of the Gentiles
9m
Jews, Gentiles, and the Mosaic Law
7m
The Hypocrisy of the Jewish Teachers
4m
Jews and Gentiles Alike
11m
A Return to the Thesis Statement (Rom 3:21–31)
The Faithfulness of Jesus Christ
7m
The Demonstration of God’s Righteousness
7m
The Third Argument (Rom 4:1–25)
Understanding Abraham’s Faith and Righteousness
8m
Righteousness apart from the Works of the Law
7m
The Promise Fulfilled in Christ
7m
The Fourth Argument (Rom 5:1–11)
Peace with God
8m
The Timing and Gift of Christ’s Death
5m
The Fifth Argument (Rom 5:12–21)
Similarities between the First and Last Adams
8m
Differences between the First and Last Adams
8m
The Sixth Argument (Rom 6:1–7:25)
Baptized into His Death
8m
New Creatures with Mortal Bodies
7m
Slaves of Righteousness
8m
Bondage: The Marriage Illustration
5m
Understanding Paul in Context
8m
Paul Speaks as Adam
10m
Identifying the “I”
9m
The Seventh Argument (Rom 8:1–17)
Paul’s Climactic Argument
11m
The Real Nature of Religion
7m
The Eighth Argument (Rom 8:18–39)
The Firstfruits and the Holy Spirit
7m
Working All Things Together for Good
8m
More than Conquerors
8m
The Ninth Argument (Rom 9:1–11:36)
The Fate of the Jews
8m
A Chosen People
10m
Vessels of Wrath and Vessels of Mercy
8m
The Fate and Future of the Gentiles
7m
The Basis for Salvation
7m
The Offer of Salvation to Israel
5m
The Resolution concerning God’s First Chosen People
7m
An Olive Tree with New Branches
5m
All Israel Will Be Saved
7m
The Tenth Argument (Rom 12:1–21)
Belonging to God
7m
The One Body
9m
The Source of Paul’s Love Ethic
7m
Practicing Sacrificial Love
6m
The Eleventh Argument (Rom 13:1–14)
The Imperial Cult and the New Testament
5m
The Christian and the Government
6m
Christians as Good Citizens
5m
Money and Taxes
4m
Christian Citizenship and the Ten Commandments
8m
The Twelfth Argument (Rom 14:1–15:13)
Living within the Parameters of the Christian Conscience
10m
The Spectrum of Ethical Belief in Early Christianity
6m
Living unto the Lord
8m
The Need to Be Sensitive
6m
Christians and the Old Testament
6m
Paul’s Final Exhortation to the Gentile Christians